https://phenomenajournal.marpedizioni.it/index.php/phenomena/issue/feedPhenomena Journal - International Journal of Psychopathology, Neuroscience and Psychotherapy2024-09-04T19:49:11+00:00Marp Edizioniedizionimarp@gmail.comOpen Journal Systems<p><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Phenomena Journal is a biannual journal that adopts the double-blind peer review system aimed at experts in the fields of Psychopathology, Neuroscience and Psychotherapy. The journal aims to publish articles, reviews, methodological study hypotheses, opinion articles, produced by names of the national and international panorama of the sectors of interest of the journal. Furthermore, the journal aims to disseminate scientific culture in sectors that are not exclusively academic, such as clinical areas not specialized in research projects. The magazine, managed by the Phenomena research group, published by Marp Edizioni, offers editorial support through a flexible and available way for all those who want to approach the world of Scientific Research. The articles are availableon</span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"> www.phenomenajournal in OA</span></span></p> <p> </p> <div id="SL_balloon_obj" style="display: block;"> <div id="SL_button" class="SL_ImTranslatorLogo" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) url('moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/img/util/imtranslator-s.png') repeat scroll 0% 0%; display: none; opacity: 1;"> </div> <div id="SL_shadow_translation_result2" style="display: none;"> </div> <div id="SL_shadow_translator" style="display: none;"> <div id="SL_planshet"> <div id="SL_arrow_up" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) url('moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/img/util/up.png') repeat scroll 0% 0%;"> </div> <div id="SL_Bproviders"> <div id="SL_P0" class="SL_BL_LABLE_ON" title="Google"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">sol</span></span></div> <div id="SL_P1" class="SL_BL_LABLE_ON" title="Microsoft"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">M</span></span></div> <div id="SL_P2" class="SL_BL_LABLE_ON" title="Translator"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">T</span></span></div> </div> <div id="SL_alert_bbl" style="display: none;"> </div> <div id="SL_TB"> <table id="SL_tables" cellspacing="1"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="SL_td" align="right" width="10%"><input id="SL_locer" title="Lock-in language" type="checkbox"></td> <td class="SL_td" align="left" width="20%"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Rileva lingua</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">afrikaans</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">albanese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">amarico</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Arabo</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">armeno</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Azero</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">basco</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">bielorusso</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">bengalese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">bosniaco</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">bulgaro</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">catalano</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Cebuano</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Chichewa</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Cinese semplificato)</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Cinese tradizionale)</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Corsica</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">croato</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">ceco</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">danese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">olandese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Inglese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">esperanto</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">estone</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">filippina</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">finlandese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">francese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">frisone</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">galiziano</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">georgiano</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Tedesco</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">greco</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Gujarati</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Creolo haitiano</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Hausa</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">hawaiano</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">ebraico</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">hindi</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Hmong</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">ungherese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">islandese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Igbo</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">indonesiano</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">irlandesi</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">italiano</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">giapponese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">giavanese</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Kannada</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">kazako</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Khmer</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">coreano</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">curdo</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Kirghizistan</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Lao</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">latino</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">lettone</span></span><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">lituano</span></span><select id="SL_lng_from" style="background: #ffffff url('moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/img/util/select.png') no-repeat scroll 100% 0px;"> <option value="lt"></option> <option value="lb">Luxembourgish</option> <option value="mk">Macedonian</option> <option value="mg">Malagasy</option> <option value="ms">Malay</option> <option value="ml">Malayalam</option> <option value="mt">Maltese</option> <option value="mi">Maori</option> <option value="mr">Marathi</option> <option value="mn">Mongolian</option> <option value="my">Myanmar (Burmese)</option> <option value="ne">Nepali</option> <option value="no">Norwegian</option> <option value="ps">Pashto</option> <option value="fa">Persian</option> <option value="pl">Polish</option> <option value="pt">Portuguese</option> <option value="pa">Punjabi</option> <option value="ro">Romanian</option> <option value="ru">Russian</option> <option value="sm">Samoan</option> <option value="gd">Scots Gaelic</option> <option value="sr">Serbian</option> <option value="st">Sesotho</option> <option value="sn">Shona</option> <option value="sd">Sindhi</option> <option value="si">Sinhala</option> <option value="sk">Slovak</option> <option value="sl">Slovenian</option> <option value="so">Somali</option> <option value="es">Spanish</option> <option value="su">Sundanese</option> <option value="sw">Swahili</option> <option value="sv">Swedish</option> <option value="tg">Tajik</option> <option value="ta">Tamil</option> <option value="te">Telugu</option> <option value="th">Thai</option> <option value="tr">Turkish</option> <option value="uk">Ukrainian</option> <option value="ur">Urdu</option> <option value="uz">Uzbek</option> <option value="vi">Vietnamese</option> <option value="cy">Welsh</option> <option value="xh">Xhosa</option> <option value="yi">Yiddish</option> <option value="yo">Yoruba</option> <option value="zu">Zulu</option> </select></td> <td class="SL_td" align="center" width="3"> </td> <td class="SL_td" align="left" width="20%"><select id="SL_lng_to" style="background: #ffffff url('moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/img/util/select.png') no-repeat scroll 100% 0px;"> <option value="af">Afrikaans</option> <option value="sq">Albanian</option> <option value="am">Amharic</option> <option value="ar">Arabic</option> <option value="hy">Armenian</option> <option value="az">Azerbaijani</option> <option value="eu">Basque</option> <option value="be">Belarusian</option> <option value="bn">Bengali</option> <option value="bs">Bosnian</option> <option value="bg">Bulgarian</option> <option value="ca">Catalan</option> <option value="ceb">Cebuano</option> <option value="ny">Chichewa</option> <option value="zh-CN">Chinese (Simplified)</option> <option value="zh-TW">Chinese (Traditional)</option> <option value="co">Corsican</option> <option value="hr">Croatian</option> <option value="cs">Czech</option> <option value="da">Danish</option> <option value="nl">Dutch</option> <option selected="selected" value="en">English</option> <option value="eo">Esperanto</option> <option value="et">Estonian</option> <option value="tl">Filipino</option> <option value="fi">Finnish</option> <option value="fr">French</option> <option value="fy">Frisian</option> <option value="gl">Galician</option> <option value="ka">Georgian</option> <option value="de">German</option> <option value="el">Greek</option> <option value="gu">Gujarati</option> <option value="ht">Haitian Creole</option> <option value="ha">Hausa</option> <option value="haw">Hawaiian</option> <option value="iw">Hebrew</option> <option value="hi">Hindi</option> <option value="hmn">Hmong</option> <option value="hu">Hungarian</option> <option value="is">Icelandic</option> <option value="ig">Igbo</option> <option value="id">Indonesian</option> <option value="ga">Irish</option> <option value="it">Italian</option> <option value="ja">Japanese</option> <option value="jw">Javanese</option> <option value="kn">Kannada</option> <option value="kk">Kazakh</option> <option value="km">Khmer</option> <option value="ko">Korean</option> <option value="ku">Kurdish</option> <option value="ky">Kyrgyz</option> <option value="lo">Lao</option> <option value="la">Latin</option> <option value="lv">Latvian</option> <option value="lt">Lithuanian</option> <option value="lb">Luxembourgish</option> <option value="mk">Macedonian</option> <option value="mg">Malagasy</option> <option value="ms">Malay</option> <option value="ml">Malayalam</option> <option value="mt">Maltese</option> <option value="mi">Maori</option> <option value="mr">Marathi</option> <option value="mn">Mongolian</option> <option value="my">Myanmar (Burmese)</option> <option value="ne">Nepali</option> <option value="no">Norwegian</option> <option value="ps">Pashto</option> <option value="fa">Persian</option> <option value="pl">Polish</option> <option value="pt">Portuguese</option> <option value="pa">Punjabi</option> <option value="ro">Romanian</option> <option value="ru">Russian</option> <option value="sm">Samoan</option> <option value="gd">Scots Gaelic</option> <option value="sr">Serbian</option> <option value="st">Sesotho</option> <option value="sn">Shona</option> <option value="sd">Sindhi</option> <option value="si">Sinhala</option> <option value="sk">Slovak</option> <option value="sl">Slovenian</option> <option value="so">Somali</option> <option value="es">Spanish</option> <option value="su">Sundanese</option> <option value="sw">Swahili</option> <option value="sv">Swedish</option> <option value="tg">Tajik</option> <option value="ta">Tamil</option> <option value="te">Telugu</option> <option value="th">Thai</option> <option value="tr">Turkish</option> <option value="uk">Ukrainian</option> <option value="ur">Urdu</option> <option value="uz">Uzbek</option> <option value="vi">Vietnamese</option> <option value="cy">Welsh</option> <option value="xh">Xhosa</option> <option value="yi">Yiddish</option> <option value="yo">Yoruba</option> <option value="zu">Zulu</option> </select></td> <td class="SL_td" align="center" width="8%"> </td> <td class="SL_td" align="center" width="8%"> </td> <td class="SL_td" align="center" width="8%"> </td> <td class="SL_td" align="center" width="8%"> </td> <td class="SL_td" align="right" width="15%"> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div id="SL_shadow_translation_result" style="visibility: visible;"> </div> <div id="SL_loading" class="SL_loading" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) url('moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/img/util/loading.gif') repeat scroll 0% 0%;"> </div> <div id="SL_player2"> </div> <div id="SL_alert100">Text-to-speech function is limited to 200 characters</div> <div id="SL_Balloon_options" style="background: #ffffff url('moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/img/util/bg3.png') repeat scroll 0% 0%;"> <div id="SL_arrow_down" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) url('moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/img/util/down.png') repeat scroll 0% 0%;"> </div> <table id="SL_tbl_opt" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="center" width="5%"><input id="SL_BBL_locer" title="Show Translator's button 3 second(s)" checked="checked" type="checkbox"></td> <td align="left" width="5%"> </td> <td align="center" width="70%"><a class="SL_options" title="Show options" href="moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/html/options/options.html?bbl" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Options</a> : <a class="SL_options" title="Translation History" href="moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/html/options/options.html?hist" target="_blank" rel="noopener">History</a> : <a class="SL_options" title="ImTranslator Feedback" href="moz-extension://e8d658fd-083e-4488-8b14-7056f394f211/content/html/options/options.html?feed" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Feedback</a> : <a class="SL_options" title="Make a small contribution" href="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=GD9D8CPW8HFA2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Donate</a></td> <td align="right" width="15%"><span id="SL_Balloon_Close" title="Close">Close</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div>https://phenomenajournal.marpedizioni.it/index.php/phenomena/article/view/217Between Neuropsychology and Gestalt2024-03-21T11:29:35+00:00Anna Di Levaanna.dilevapsy@gmail.com<p>The hypothesis of integrating the Gestalt methodology with cognitive stimulation techniques arose from clinical observation compared with the results of neuropsychological tests in patients diagnosed with psychosis between the ages of 35 and 60. The aim of the integrated intervention aims to combine the stimulation in particular of the frontal and prefrontal functions involved in the hypofrontality typical of the functioning of this pathology in order to promote better social integration by mitigating the symptoms and the use of drugs where possible. In particular, intervene on the control of intrusive thoughts, on cognitive flexibility and on attentional skills. The intervention methodology is similar to the principles of Gestalt psychology, bringing the patient back to the here and now of the relationship and using the therapeutic relationship as a secure base to remodulate the sensation of being in the world. It is essential to identify the environmental and genetic factors that characterized the patient's growth. Therefore the research team has structured a protocol in which the relationship between cognitive stimulation and therapeutic relationship, through the shared brain principle, tends to neuroanatomically modulate the patient's brain, resulting in actual improvements.</p>2024-09-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 Anna Di Levahttps://phenomenajournal.marpedizioni.it/index.php/phenomena/article/view/219Inventory of motivations for volunteering - preliminary validation2024-05-02T08:45:02+00:00Antonio Capodilupoantoniocapodilupo@gmail.com<p>Theoretical models identify various reasons why people choose to volunteer: multiple identities including the prosocial role, dispositional socio-educational factors, personal and organizational drives. Questionnaires are administered both for theoretical research and for the selection and accompaniment of volunteers. This study proposes the preliminary validation of an Inventory of motivations for volunteering, divided into two classes, other-directed and self-directed. The Inventory, self-produced also considering tools in use, is administered to 55 subjects who access volunteer work at two local associations. Although there are limits related to the sample representativeness, the validation of the instrument presents acceptable values: the reliability with the Cronbach's alpha statistic returns 0.772 for the other-directed dimensions, 0.603 for the self-directed dimensions and 0.749 for the set of dimensions; the fidelity tested with the Guttman split half coefficient reports 0.614 in the other-directed dimensions and 0.786 in the self-directed dimensions; the factor analysis clusters the variables into 4 components, which explain 69.6% of the total variance and which can be entitled as a coping: psycho-balancing, reparative, collaborative and solidarity. The results support the applicability of the Inventory, which can be confirmed by further studies.</p>2024-09-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 Antonio Capodilupohttps://phenomenajournal.marpedizioni.it/index.php/phenomena/article/view/222Defining vigoroxia: a review of the literature2024-05-29T10:07:49+00:00Giulia De Cristofanodecristofanogiulia@gmail.comMaria Baronebaronemaria997@gmail.comMaria De Masismariademasis@outlook.comAlessandra Di Donnadidonnaalessandra@gmail.comAnna Asia Forinoforinoannaasia@gmail.comLucio Marinolucio.marino16@gmail.com<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Vigorexia, sometimes also known as muscle dysmorphia or bigorexia, is a complex nosological construct characterised by an intense preoccupation with the body and obsessive behaviours related to exercise and diet. This disorder, although often associated with the male fitness and bodybuilding universe, is also emerging among women and adolescents, reflecting the growing impact of the image cult and social media on body perception. This literature review aims to identify risk factors, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology and the relationship with eating disorders and addictions, as well as to examine the role of vigorexia in relationships and adolescence. The data analysis revealed that vigorexia is associated with a number of health risks, including the use of anabolic androgenic steroids and eating disorders. Furthermore, individuals with vigorexia often experience social anxiety related to others' judgement of their physical appearance, which can lead to social isolation and impaired interpersonal relationships. In conclusion, this analysis of vigorexia provides a comprehensive overview of its risks, associated disorders and implications for mental health and social relationships, emphasising the importance of early intervention and targeted preventive strategies to address this emerging phenomenon especially among younger people.</span></p>2024-09-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 Giulia De Cristofano, Maria Barone, Maria De Masis, Alessandra Di Donna, Anna Asia Forino, Lucio Marinohttps://phenomenajournal.marpedizioni.it/index.php/phenomena/article/view/220A Gestalt approach at couples psychotherapy2024-05-06T16:50:54+00:00Francesco Marinofrancescomarino119@gmail.comGabriele Gautierogabriele.gautiero@outlook.itArianna Gloriosoariannaglorioso@gmail.comGiusy Laurogiusy.lauro94@gmail.comRita Zampipsi.rita.zampi@gmail.comMaura Perronemauraperrone@gmail.com<p>Couple’s formation is an ever-changing process, requests for help from couples to therapists are increasing in recent years. Reasons, although apparently current, are linked to a malaise rooted in time. The discomfort experienced by the two partners is not having been able to process the changes in the personal and life cycle of the couple creating new ways of living together. Through the lens of the Gestalt psychotherapist we have mainly analyzed the studies of attachment theory related to working with couples through an integration of approaches, theories and practices, particularly emotionally focused couples therapy. According to attachment theory, the relational styles of adults with their partners are parallel to the child-caregiver relationships, thus characterizing themselves by the search for certain characteristics in the other person. Psychotherapeutic work with couples has among its objectives to modify patients’ internal operating models of attachment. Emotional-focused couples therapy’s based on emotional response and what the partners feel within a supportive relationship. It allows a healing emotional experience, transforming the cycles of negative interaction present in the relationship and experienced with primary caregivers. Gestalt psychotherapy invites us to look at how the partners of the couple realize or block their intentionality to reach and be reached by the other. It works to facilitate the change of punctuation in the sequence of events, to open them the possibility for a new way of living in pairs, free to choose if and how to be in relationship with him/her. The aim of research was to examine the correlates among the attachment theory, emotion focused therapy and Gestalt therapy, considering further studies which allow for greater in-depth analysis of couple dynamics in therapy.</p>2024-09-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 Francesco Marino, Gabriele Gautiero, Arianna Glorioso, Giusy Lauro, Rita Zampi, Maura Perrone